The Stories That Shaped Modern Medicine

Discover the people, ideas, diseases and breakthroughs that transformed medicine — from ancient remedies to the discoveries that shape healthcare today.

Medicine has a history worth exploring

The medicine we take for granted today was shaped by centuries of discovery, experiment, controversy and occasional accident.

Past Medical History explores those stories — the scientists and physicians who changed our understanding of disease, the epidemics that transformed society, the operations once thought impossible, and the discoveries that changed what medicine could achieve.

Written for anyone curious about how we got from there to here.

Historical laboratory work extracting influenza virus fluid from a chicken embryo, 1943

Explore by Topic

Follow the history of medicine through four themes — from epidemics and pioneering operations to the people and discoveries that changed medical practice.

Medical staff attending patients in a hospital ward during the 1918 influenza epidemic

Plagues & Pathogens

Epidemics, infections and the discoveries that changed our understanding of disease.

Explore Epidemics
Surgeon and attendant performing an operation

Surgery & The Knife

From surgery without anaesthesia to the techniques that transformed the operating theatre.

Examine Surgeries
Historical engraving of Louis Pasteur in his laboratory

Medical Pioneers

The physicians, scientists, nurses and innovators whose ideas changed medicine.

Read Biographies
Dr Jonathan Hartwell and an assistant conducting early chemotherapy tests at NCI, about 1950

Discoveries & Breakthroughs

The experiments, accidents and insights that reshaped our understanding of the human body.

View Inventions

Latest from Past Medical History

Stories from across the history of medicine.

Looking for something?

Explore the archive to discover the diseases, discoveries and people that have shaped the history of medicine.